Clomiphene citrate commonly known as 'clomid' has been proven to be extremely effective in inducing ovulation in oligo-amenorrheic (infrequent or absent menses) women . Clomiphene citrate is the most commonly used fertility medication prescribed for anovulatory women.

Clomiphene citrate -- Mechanism of Action
Clomiphene citrate binds with the estrogen receptor and causes the hypothalamus to sense a lack of estrogen, resulting in increased secretion of gonadotropins (FSH and LH.) Clomiphene is very effective in inducing ovulation in most women, however, pregnancy rates only approach 65 percent with the use of this medication. Thus, the lack of ovulation is not always the only cause of infertility. Over 75 percent of patients who get pregnant with clomiphene do so within the first four to six months. Thus, if a pregnancy not is not achieved within the first four to six months of use, additional evaluations and therapies are usually required.

Clomiphene citrate -- Duration of Therapy and Risks
Women are advised to discuss the duration of therapy with their clinicians. A clearly defined period of use is advisable secondary to potential risks associated with clomiphene citrateuse. When discussing risks with clinicians, one must keep in mind the limitations of the studies available in the medical literature. These limitations include low statistical power to make a definitive conclusion, methodological errors in the studies performed, and difficulty in distinguishing the potential effects of fertility drug exposure from underlying ovulatory disorders.

Recommendations regarding the maximum number of cycles
In conclusion, women who are prescribed clomiphene citrate for a specific number of cycles should recognize that it is a highly effective and safe medication with a relatively low incidence of serious or long-term side effects. There is an extensive body of literature regarding clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction. Treatment beyond six cycles should be carefully discussed with your healthcare provider. Treatment beyond 12 cycles is discouraged except under expert supervision.